Indonesia Telecoms Market Report

Telecoms, Mobile and Broadband - Statistics and Analyses

Last updated: 20 Oct 2026 Update History

Report Status: Current

Report Pages: 208

Analyst: Henry Lancaster

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Summary
Table Of Contents

Indonesia concludes 700MHz and 2.6GHz spectrum auctions

Comprising the world’s largest archipelago, Indonesia faces considerable topographical obstacles to providing nationwide access to quality telecom services. Social, political, and economic problems have exacerbated these geographical challenges over the years.

Deployment of fixed-line infrastructure to many sparsely populated islands is largely impractical. Fixed infrastructure remains concentrated around major urban centres, though its reach has been gradually expanded. The relatively low broadband penetration rate is partly due to underinvestment by the previously state-owned incumbent Telkom, although in recent years more effort has been made to address poor connectivity in outlying areas, where a good proportion of the population resides. In recent years, more fibre cables have been laid, though again these are mostly concentrated in built-up areas where the return on investment is more secure. For all that, Indonesia’s telecom sector is largely focused on mobile connectivity.

With the availability of LTE being near universal, the mobile operators have focused on expanding the reach of 5G services. Telkomsel was the first to provide a commercial 5G service (in Jakarta in May 2021) followed by IOH in Solo shortly afterwards. However, the rollout of 5G was hampered by the lack of available spectrum. Telkomsel was obliged to launch services using limited spectrum in the 2.3-2.4GHz band, which initially was only supported by a small number of handsets. Much of the LTE spectrum has had to be re-farmed from broadcasting services. Telkomsel was able to alleviate pressure on its limited spectrum holdings after having secured 20MHz of spectrum in the 2.1GHz band at auction in November 2022. Some relief from the poor availability of suitable spectrum resulted from the award of spectrum in the 700MHz and 2.6GHz bands in mid-2026.

Key Developments

Komdigi concludes 700MHz and 2.6GHz spectrum auctions.
The first of three National Data Centres is opened to consolidate government data.
Telkom increases its data centre capacity from 42MW to 55MW.
Report update includes the regulator's recent market data releases and annual market report for 2025, telcos' operating and financial data to Q2 2026, updated Telecom Maturity Index charts and analyses, recent market developments.

Key companies mentioned in this report:

Telkom, Indosat Ooredoo, Bakrie Telecom, Telkomsel, XL Axiata, 3 Indonesia, Smartfren, STI, TelkomNet, Link Net, MNC Kabel Mediacom, Biznet Networks, MyRepublic

Key statistics
Regional Asia market comparison

Market characteristics
Market Leaders
Market Challengers
Market Emergents
TMI vs GDP
Mobile and mobile broadband penetration
Fixed versus mobile broadband penetration

Country overview
Telecommunications market
Regulatory environment

Regulatory authority

Ministry of Communication and Digital Affairs (Komdigi)
Directorate General of Digital Infrastructure (DJID)

Fixed-line developments

Telecommunications Law 1989
Telecommunications Law 2000
Badan Regulasi Telekomunikasi Indonesia (BRTI)
Foreign ownership
Access
Universal Service Obligation (USO)

Mobile network developments

Spectrum auctions
Mobile Number Portability (MNP)

Mobile market

Mobile statistics
Mobile infrastructure

5G
LTE
Other infrastructure developments
Mobile data
Mobile broadband

Major mobile operators

Telkomsel
Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison (IOH)
XL Axiata
Smartfren Telecom
XLSmart
Bakrie Telecom
Sampoerna Telekomunikasi Indonesia (STI) / Net1 Indonesia
Internux (BOLT!)

Fixed-line broadband market

Broadband statistics
Fixed broadband service providers

Telkomsel
Link Net
MNC Kabel Mediacom
Biznet Networks
XL Axiata
MyRepublic (Indonesia)

Fixed-line broadband technologies

Fixed wireless (Wi-Fi and WiMAX)
Satellite broadband

Fixed network market

Major network operator

Telkom Indonesia

Telecommunications infrastructure

National telecom network

Fibre networks

International infrastructure

International gateway exchanges
Submarine cable networks
Satellite networks

Data centres

National Data Centre
Major data centre providers

Smart infrastructure

Smart cities and IoT

Glossary of abbreviations
Related reports

List of Tables

Table 1 – Top level country statistics and telco authorities – 2027 (e)
Table 2 – Increase in the number of licenced telecom service providers – 2020 – 2024
Table 3 – Growth in telecom sector revenue – 2011 – 2025
Table 4 – Growth in mobile sector capex and opex (IDR trillion) – 2011 – 2024
Table 5 – Change in BHP revenue (IDR billion)– 2020 – 2025
Table 6 – Change in mobile market financials (IDR trillion) – 2018 – 2024
Table 7 – Change in the number of mobile subscribers and penetration – 2014 – 2029
Table 8 – Change in the number of prepaid and contract mobile subscribers – 2015 – 2025
Table 9 – Change in blended mobile ARPU – 2019 – 2024
Table 10 – Decline in mobile voice traffic (billion minutes) – 2014 – 2024
Table 11 – Change in the number of base stations by technology – 2020 – 2024
Table 14 – Decline in SMS traffic (billion) – 2014 – 2024
Table 15 – Increase in mobile data traffic – 2014 – 2024
Table 16 – Growth in the number of mobile broadband subscribers and penetration – 2014 – 2029
Table 17 – Growth in the number of Telkomsel’s mobile broadband subscribers – 2012 – 2023
Table 18 – Change in the mobile market share of subscribers by operator – 2011 – 2026
Table 19 – Change in the number of Telkomsel’s base stations in service – 2022 – 2026
Table 20 – Change in the number of Telkomsel’s mobile subscribers (million) – 2011 – 2026
Table 21 – Development of Telkomsel’s mobile revenue by type (IDR billion)– 2014 – 2026
Table 22 – Development of Telkomsel’s mobile blended ARPU – 2013 – 2026
Table 23 – Development of Telkomsel’s mobile data traffic – 2021 – 2026
Table 24 – Change in the number of IOH’s mobile subscribers (million) – 2011 – 2026
Table 25 – Development of IOH’s mobile ARPU (IDR thousand / month) – 2011 – 2026
Table 26 – Development of IOH’s financial data (IDR billion) – 2017 – 2026
Table 27 – Development of IOH’s revenue by type (IDR billion) – 2018 – 2026
Table 29 – Increase in IOH’s mobile data traffic – 2017 – 2026
Table 30 – Change in the number of 3 Indonesia’s subscribers – 2011 – 2021
Table 31 – Development of 3 Indonesia’s mobile revenue (HK$ million) – 2017 – 2021
Table 32 – Development of Indosat Ooredoo’s financial data (QAR million) – 2009 – 2021
Table 33 – Development of IOH’s mobile ARPU (QAR per month) – 2015 – 2021
Table 34 – Change in the number of XL Axiata’s mobile base stations by technology – 2011 – 2025
Table 35 – Change in the number of XL Axiata’s mobile subscribers (million)– 2013 – 2026
Table 36 – Change in XL Axiata’s mobile ARPU (IDR thousand / month) – 2013 – 2026
Table 37 – Development of XL Axiata’s financial data (IDR billion) – 2011 – 2024
Table 38 – Change in the number of Smartfren Telecom’s mobile base stations– 2012 – 2024
Table 39 – Change in the number of Smartfren Telecom’s mobile subscribers (million) – 2010 – 2024
Table 40 – Development of Smartfren Telecom’s mobile ARPU (IDR/subscriber/month) – 2012 – 2024
Table 41 – Development of Smartfren Telecom’s financial data (IDR billion) – 2011 – 2024
Table 42 – Change in XLSmart’s financial data (IDR million) – 2024 – 2026
Table 43 – Increase in average mobile and fixed broadband data speeds (Mb/s) – 2022 – 2025
Table 44 – Growth in the number of fixed broadband subscribers, penetration – 2016 – 2028
Table 45 – Growth in the number of Telkom’s fixed broadband subscribers – 2015 – 2026
Table 46 – Growth in Telkom’s fixed broadband revenue – 2019 – 2026
Table 47 – Change in Link Net's financial data (IDR trillion) – 2017 – 2026
Table 48 – Change in the number of Link Net's broadband subscribers – 2014 – 2020
Table 49 – Increase in the number of Link Net's premises passed with fibre – 2017 – 2025
Table 50 – Change in the number of Link Net's corporate customers – 2021 – 2025
Table 51 – Increase in Link Net's network cable length (Km) – 2021 – 2025
Table 52 – Development of Telkom’s financial data (IDR billion) – 2010 – 2026
Table 53 – Change in Telkom’s capex – 2021 – 2026
Table 54 – Change in fixed-line and mobile contribution to Telkom’s revenue – 2018 – 2022
Table 55 – Development of Telkom’s revenue by segment (IDR billion) – 2016 – 2026
Table 56 – Change in the number of fixed lines and teledensity – 2014 – 2029
Table 57 – Growth in international internet bandwidth capacity and usage (Mb/s) – 2011 – 2023
Table 58 – Growth in internet bandwidth per internet user– 2011 – 2023
Table 59 – Growth in international bandwidth capacity for ISPs (Mb/s) – 2012 – 2024
Table 60 – Historic - Frequency spectrum overview - major mobile operators (2015)
Table 61 – Historic - XL Axiata mobile subscribers – 2007 – 2010
Table 62 – Historic - Telkomsel mobile subscribers (million) – 2007 – 2010
Table 64 – Historic - Mobile subscribers – 1995 – 2013
Table 65 – Historic - Telkom’s fixed broadband subscribers – 2004 – 2010
Table 66 – Historic - Mobile broadband subscribers and penetration – 2012 – 2013
Table 67 – Historic - Indosat Ooredoo - mobile subscribers (million) – 2007 – 2010
Table 68 – Historic - Fixed lines and teledensity – 2012 – 2027
Table 69 – Historic - 3 Indonesia subscribers – 2007 – 2010
Table 70 – Historic - Major mobile operators by system - 2010
Table 71 – Historic - Decline in mobile voice traffic (million minutes) – 2014 – 2018
Table 72 – Historic - Fixed broadband subscribers and penetration – 2005 – 2013
Table 73 – Historic - DSL subscribers – 2001 – 2010
Table 74 – Historic - International internet bandwidth – 2005 – 2010
Table 75 – Historic - Internet users – 1998 – 2006
Table 76 – Historic - Bakrie Telecom mobile subscribers – 2007 – 2015

List of Charts

Chart 1 – Asia Telecoms Maturity Index – Market Leaders
Chart 2 – Asia Telecoms Maturity Index – Market Challengers
Chart 3 – Asia Telecoms Maturity Index – Market Emergents
Chart 4 – Asia – Telecoms Maturity Index vs GDP per capita
Chart 5 – Asia – Mobile subscriber penetration vs mobile broadband penetration
Chart 6 – Southeast Asia – Mobile subscriber penetration vs mobile broadband penetration
Chart 7 – Southeast Asia – Fixed and mobile broadband penetration
Chart 8 – Growth in telecom sector revenue – 2011 – 2025
Chart 9 – Growth in mobile sector capex and opex – 2011 – 2024
Chart 10 – Change in BHP revenue – 2020 – 2025
Chart 11 – Change in mobile market financials – 2018 – 2024
Chart 12 – Change in the number of mobile subscribers and penetration – 2014 – 2029
Chart 13 – Change in the number of prepaid and contract mobile subscribers – 2015 – 2025
Chart 14 – Decline in mobile voice traffic – 2014 – 2024
Chart 15 – Change in the number of base stations by technology – 2020 – 2024
Chart 16 – Decline in SMS traffic – 2014 – 2024
Chart 17 – Growth in the number of mobile broadband subscribers and penetration – 2014 – 2029
Chart 18 – Growth in the number of Telkomsel’s mobile broadband subscribers – 2012 – 2023
Chart 19 – Change in the mobile market share of subscribers by operator – 2011 – 2026
Chart 20 – Change in the number of Telkomsel’s base stations in service – 2022 – 2026
Chart 21 – Change in the number of Telkomsel’s mobile subscribers – 2011 – 2026
Chart 22 – Development of Telkomsel’s mobile revenue by type – 2014 – 2026
Chart 23 – Change in the number of IOH’s mobile subscribers – 2016 – 2026
Chart 24 – Development of IOH’s mobile ARPU – 2011 – 2026
Chart 25 – Development of IOH’s financial data – 2017 – 2026
Chart 26 – Development of IOH’s revenue by type – 2018 – 2026
Chart 27 – Change in the number of IOH’s mobile base stations by type – 2017 – 2026
Chart 28 – Increase in IOH’s mobile data traffic – 2017 – 2026
Chart 29 – Change in the number of 3 Indonesia’s subscribers – 2011 – 2021
Chart 30 – Development of 3 Indonesia’s mobile revenue – 2017 – 2021
Chart 31 – Development of Indosat Ooredoo’s financial data – 2009 – 2021
Chart 32 – Development of IOH’s mobile ARPU (QAR per month) – 2015 – 2021
Chart 33 – Change in the number of XL Axiata’s mobile base stations by technology – 2011 – 2025
Chart 34 – Change in the number of XL Axiata’s mobile subscribers – 2015 – 2026
Chart 35 – Change in XL Axiata’s mobile ARPU – 2013 – 2026
Chart 36 – Development of XL Axiata’s financial data – 2014 – 2024
Chart 37 – Change in the number of Smartfren Telecom’s mobile base stations – 2012 – 2024
Chart 38 – Change in the number of Smartfren Telecom’s mobile subscribers – 2010 – 2024
Chart 39 – Development of Smartfren Telecom’s mobile ARPU (IDR/subscriber/month) – 2012 – 2024
Chart 40 – Development of Smartfren Telecom’s financial data – 2011 – 2024
Chart 41 – Growth in the number of fixed broadband subscribers and penetration – 2016 – 2029
Chart 42 – Growth in the number of Telkom’s fixed broadband subscribers – 2015 – 2026
Chart 43 – Growth in Telkom’s fixed broadband revenue – 2019 – 2026
Chart 44 – Change in Link Net's financial data – 2017 – 2025
Chart 45 – Change in the number of Link Net's broadband subscribers – 2014 – 2020
Chart 46 – Increase in Link Net's network cable length – 2021 – 2025
Chart 47 – Development of PT Telkom’s financial data – 2015 – 2026
Chart 48 – Change in fixed-line and mobile contribution to PT Telkom’s revenue – 2018 – 2022
Chart 49 – Development of Telkom’s revenue by segment – 2016 – 2026
Chart 50 – Change in the number of fixed lines and penetration – 2014 – 2029
Chart 51 – Growth in international internet bandwidth capacity (Gb/s) – 2011 – 2023
Chart 52 – Growth in international bandwidth capacity for ISPs (Mb/s) – 2012 – 2024

List of Exhibits

Exhibit 1 – Map of Telecom Maturity Index global ranking among countries in Asia
Exhibit 2 – Generalised Market Characteristics by Market Segment
Exhibit 3 – Spectrum overview
Exhibit 4 – 1.4GHz spectrum auction results - 2025
Exhibit 5 – 700MHz spectrum auction results - 2026
Exhibit 6 – 2.6GHz spectrum auction results - 2026
Exhibit 7 – XLSmart’s spectrum holdings
Exhibit 8 – Major shareholders in Telkom
Exhibit 9 – Palapa Ring Project – specification of rings

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Indonesia Telecoms Market Report

Telecoms, Mobile and Broadband - Statistics and Analyses

Purchase this Report

Indonesia concludes 700MHz and 2.6GHz spectrum auctions

Key Developments

Key companies mentioned in this report:

Key statistics

Regional Asia market comparison

Country overview

Telecommunications market

Regulatory environment

Mobile market

Fixed-line broadband market

Fixed network market

Telecommunications infrastructure

Glossary of abbreviations

Related reports

Purchase this Report

Share this Report

TMT Intelligence

A platform to scale your intelligence tasks

Research Methodology

Hot Topics

News & Views