Synopsis
This report collates information on the major network and backbone infrastructure across Europe at the pan-European level. Country-specific infrastructure is typically dominated by local incumbents and is addressed in the country reports. Across the continent, many major operators invested heavily in the dot com boom to connect major links, only to find voice and data carriage costs falling, over-supply also affecting ROIs, and the tech wreck compounding the investment problems. High profile collapses like KPNQwest and Worldcom in 2002 left many smaller players, including national incumbents, rise to fill the gap. EITO equipment forecasts updated in May 2003.